“Seed and other propagation materials that are produced on-farm and are not part of formal seed sector arrangements, e.g., contract production, is usually associated with farmers’ or local seed. All of activities related to farmers’ seed production and supply are commonly referred to as traditional (Cromwell et al., 1992), local (Almekinders et al., 1994; Louwaars & van Marrewijk, 1996), or farmers’ seed systems (Almekinders & Louwaars, 1999).”

References

Almekinders, C. J. M., and Louwaars, N. 2002. Seed Quality Control in Developing Countries. J. New Seeds 4, 15–33. https://doi.org/10.1300/J153v04n01